课程改革与实践
Journal of Curriculum Reform and Practice
- 主办单位:東方陽光出版社有限公司
- ISSN:3080-8189(P)
- ISSN:3080-8197(O)
- 期刊分类:教育科学
- 出版周期:月刊
- 投稿量:0
- 浏览量:54
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基于SOLO分类理论的高考生物学试题分析——以2024年新课标卷为例
Analysis of College Entrance Examination Biology Questions Based on SOLO Classification Theory — Taking the 2024 New Curriculum Standard Test Paper as an Example
发布时间：2026-04-09
作者: 李晓晓 :山西师范大学实验中学 山西临汾;
摘要: 随着新高考改革的推进，高考生物学试题对学生思维能力的考查要求不断提升。本文基于SOLO分类理论，以2024年新课标卷生物学试题为研究对象，构建试题分析量表，对试题的思维结构层次进行系统划分与分析。研究发现：本套试题涵盖从单点结构到抽象拓展结构四个层次，其中单点结构和多点结构试题占比64%，体现基础性；关联结构试题占比28%，突出对知识整合与应用能力的考查；抽象拓展结构试题占比8%，体现创新性与开放性。结合分析结果，提出回归教材夯实基础、遵循“最近发展区”因材施教、实施单元情境教学、构建概念图形成知识体系等教学建议，为一线教师落实核心素养、发展学生思维能力提供参考。
Abstract: With the advancement of the new college entrance examination reform, the examination requirements for students' thinking ability in biology questions have been continuously enhanced. Based on the SOLO classification theory, this paper takes the biology questions of the 2024 New Curriculum Standard Test Paper as the research object, constructs an analysis scale for the questions, and systematically divides and analyzes the thinking structure levels of the questions. The research findings show that this set of questions covers four levels from single-point structure to abstract expansion structure, among which single-point structure and multi-point structure questions account for 64%, reflecting the basic nature; association structure questions account for 28%, highlighting the examination of knowledge integration and application ability; abstract expansion structure questions account for 8%, reflecting innovation and openness. Based on the analysis results, teaching suggestions such as returning to the textbooks to consolidate the foundation, following the "recent development zone" for individualized teaching, implementing unit situational teaching, and constructing concept maps to form a knowledge system are proposed, providing reference for front-line teachers to implement core literacy and develop students' thinking ability.
关键词: SOLO分类理论；高考生物学；试题分析；思维结构；2024年新课标卷
Keywords: SOLO classification theory; college entrance examination biology; test analysis; thinking structure; 2024 new curriculum standard exam paper