当代文学评论
Contemporary Literary Criticism
- Publisher:Eastern Sunshine Publishing House Limited
- ISSN Print:3104-560X(P)
- ISSN Online:3104-5618(O)
- Subject Category:Literature & Arts
- Publication Frequency:Monthly
- Submissions:0
- Views:416
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解析逆向谚语的多元语用功能
An Analysis of the Multiple Pragmatic Functions of Reverse Proverbs in English and Chinese
Published: 2026-11-12
Author: 吴妮秦 :四川文理学院外国语学院 四川达州; WU Niqin :School of Foreign Languages, Sichuan University of Arts and Science, Dazhou;
Chinese Abstract: 逆向谚语借老话的壳，说相反的意，这类说法如今在口语和网络里越用越多。已有的研究多盯着它怎么构成、用了哪些修辞，很少回答它的作用。本文从经典谚语语用功能的研究入手，结合英汉逆向谚语的实例，将其语用功能归成五类：戏谑调侃、委婉间接、认知凸显、社会批评、语篇衔接。它们都有一个共同前提：听话人得先认得原谚，再拿逆谚来比，两层语义错开的地方，正是说话人意思所在。文章据此认为，逆向谚语要的不是训人，而是表态，用轻松、不伤面子的方式把评价、批评和立场说出来；具体起什么作用，要看语境和语体。
Abstract: Anti-proverbs adopt the form of well-known proverbs while saying the opposite of what the originals mean, and such expressions have become increasingly common in spoken language and online discourse. Existing studies have largely focused on how they are constructed and what rhetorical devices they employ, with little attention to what they actually do. Drawing on studies of the pragmatic functions of classic proverbs and on examples of English and Chinese anti-proverbs, this paper identifies five pragmatic functions: playful banter, euphemistic indirectness, cognitive salience, social criticism, and discourse cohesion. These five functions share a common prerequisite: the hearer must recognize the original proverb and compare it with the anti-proverb, since the speaker's intended meaning emerges precisely in the gap between the two semantic layers. The paper argues that anti-proverbs aim less at admonishing the hearer than at taking a stance, accomplishing evaluation, criticism, and stance expression in a light, face-saving manner; their specific function depends on context and register.
Chinese Keywords: 逆向谚语；语用功能；反谚语；英汉谚语；交际
Keywords: reverse proverbs; pragmatic functions; anti-proverbs; English and Chinese proverbs; communication