智能教育与教学
Journal of Intelligent Education and Teaching
- Publisher:Eastern Sunshine Publishing House Limited
- ISSN Print:3080-8405(P)
- ISSN Online:3080-8413(O)
- Subject Category:Educational Sciences
- Publication Frequency:Monthly
- Submissions:3
- Views:224
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“未来教师”硬—软—巧三维素养的实证测度与现状评估
An Empirical Measurement and Status Assessment of the "Hard-Soft-Smart" Three-Dimensional Literacy of "Future Teachers"
Published: 2026-10-14
Author: 徐秀娟 :大连海洋大学应用技术学院 辽宁大连; XU Xiujuan :Applied Technology College of Dalian Ocean University, Dalian;
Chinese Abstract: 教育的人机协同化转型对教师素养结构提出了全新要求。基于智能结构三维模型，构建了含硬素养、软素养、巧素养三个维度的“未来教师”素养框架，并编制了含32个题项的测评量表。以全国12所高校的486名教师为样本，综合运用问卷调查、深度访谈与案例分析法开展实证测度，采用Cronbach's α系数与验证性因子分析检验量表信效度。结果显示：量表整体Cronbach's α为0.91，三维度α介于0.84—0.89之间，模型拟合指标达到可接受水平（CFI＝0.93，RMSEA＝0.06），量表具有良好的信度与效度；样本教师三维素养总体均值为3.71（5点计分），处于中等偏上水平，其中硬素养得分最高（3.85）、巧素养得分最低（3.42），“软硬强、巧偏弱”的结构性特征明显；教龄、学校类型与技术培训经历对教师素养水平具有显著预测作用。据此提出分层分类培养、强化伦理反思、贯通职前职后一体化发展等建议。
Abstract: The human-machine collaborative transformation of education puts forward new requirements for teachers' literacy structure. Based on the three-dimensional model of intelligence structure, this study constructs a "future teacher" literacy framework with three dimensions—hard literacy, soft literacy and smart literacy, and develops a 32-item scale. Taking 486 teachers from 12 universities across China as samples, an empirical measurement was conducted by adopting questionnaire surveys, in-depth interviews, and case analysis, and the reliability and validity of the scale were tested using Cronbach's α coefficient and confirmatory factor analysis. The results show that the overall Cronbach's α was 0.91, the three-dimensional α ranged from 0.84 to 0.89, and the model fit indices reached acceptable levels (CFI=0.93, RMSEA=0.06), indicating that the scale has good reliability and validity. Teachers' three-dimensional literacy is above the medium level (M=3.71, on a 5-point scale), with hard literacy the highest (3.85) and smart literacy the lowest (3.42), showing a structural feature of "strong in soft literacy and hard literacy, weak in smart literacy". Teaching age, school type and technical training experience have significant predictive effects on literacy levels. Accordingly, suggestions were proposed, including tiered and categorized training, strengthening ethical reflection, and integrating pre-service and in-service development.
Chinese Keywords: 未来教师；人机协同；硬—软—巧三维素养；实证测度；教师教育
Keywords: future teacher; human-machine collaboration; hard-soft-smart three-dimensional literacy; empirical measurement; teacher education